MIME Types

Extension	Kind of document	MIME Type
.aac	AAC audio file	audio/aac
.abw	AbiWord document	application/x-abiword
.arc	Archive document (multiple files embedded)	application/octet-stream
.avi	AVI: Audio Video Interleave	video/x-msvideo
.azw	Amazon Kindle eBook format	application/vnd.amazon.ebook
.bin	Any kind of binary data	application/octet-stream
.bz	BZip archive	application/x-bzip
.bz2	BZip2 archive	application/x-bzip2
.csh	C-Shell script	application/x-csh
.css	Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)	text/css
.csv	Comma-separated values (CSV)	text/csv
.doc	Microsoft Word	application/msword
.epub	Electronic publication (EPUB)	application/epub+zip
.gif	Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)	image/gif
.htm .html	HyperText Markup Language (HTML)	text/html
.ico	Icon format	image/x-icon
.ics	iCalendar format	text/calendar
.jar	Java Archive (JAR)	application/java-archive
.jpeg .jpg	JPEG images	image/jpeg
.js	JavaScript (ECMAScript)	application/js
.json	JSON format	application/json
.mid .midi	Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)	audio/midi
.mpeg	MPEG Video	video/mpeg
.mpkg	Apple Installer Package	application/vnd.apple.installer+xml
.odp	OpenDocuemnt presentation document	application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
.ods	OpenDocuemnt spreadsheet document	application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
.odt	OpenDocument text document	application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
.oga	OGG audio	audio/ogg
.ogv	OGG video	video/ogg
.ogx	OGG	application/ogg
.pdf	Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF)	application/pdf
.ppt	Microsoft PowerPoint	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.rar	RAR archive	application/x-rar-compressed
.rtf	Rich Text Format (RTF)	application/rtf
.sh	Bourne shell script	application/x-sh
.svg	Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)	image/svg+xml
.swf	Small web format (SWF) or Adobe Flash document	application/x-shockwave-flash
.tar	Tape Archive (TAR)	application/x-tar
.tif .tiff	Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)	image/tiff
.ttf	TrueType Font	application/x-font-ttf
.vsd	Microsft Visio	application/vnd.visio
.wav	Waveform Audio Format	audio/x-wav
.weba	WEBM audio	audio/webm
.webm	WEBM video	video/webm
.webp	WEBP image	image/webp
.woff	Web Open Font Format (WOFF)	application/x-font-woff
.xhtml	XHTML	application/xhtml+xml
.xls	Microsoft Excel	application/vnd.ms-excel
.xml	XML	application/xml
.xul	XUL	application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml
.zip	ZIP archive	application/zip
.3gp	3GPP audio/video container	video/3gpp audio/3gpp if it doesn't contain video
.3g2	3GPP2 audio/video container	video/3gpp2 audio/3gpp2 if it doesn't contain video
.7z	7-zip archive	application/x-7z-compressed

Common Database Configuration File Locations

Please note that the information below is provided to assist you with changing the connection strings of the most commonly used database driven web applications and we cannot offer a guide on every possible software solution available.

Wordpress configuration file location : httpdocs/wp-config.php

/** MySQL database password */   
define('DB_PASSWORD', '** new password here **');

Joomla configuration file location : httpdocs/configuaration.php

var $password = '** new password here **';

Drupal configuration file location : httpdocs/sites/default/settings

$databases = array (  
'default' =>   
array (   
'default' => [  
array (   
'database' => 'database-name',   
'username' => 'database-username',  
'password' => '**new password here***',   
'host' => 'localhost',     
'port' => '',   
'driver' => 'mysql',  
'prefix' => '',

OSCommerce 2.2 Configuration file location : httpdocs/includes/configure.php & httpdocs/admin/includes/configure.php

define('DB_SERVER_PASSWORD', '** new password **');

The password needs to be changed in both files. 

Moodle 2 configuration file location : httpdocs/config.php

$CFG->dbpass = '** new password here **';

Magento configuration file location : httpdocs/app/etc/local.xml

<password><![CDATA[** new password here ** ]]></password>

courtesy:  https://www.names.co.uk/support/1304-common_database_configuration_file_locations.html  

Check if SKU exist or not,

$sku = 'sku here';
$id = Mage::getModel('catalog/product')->getIdBySku($sku);
if ($id) {
   //sku exists
}
else {
   //sku does not exist
}

simple???

layout in coding

$headBlock = $this->getLayout()->getBlock('head');
$headBlock->addJs('varien/product.js')
->addItem('js_css', 'calendar/calendar-win2k-1.css', null, null, 'can_load_calendar_js')
->addItem('js', 'calendar/calendar.js', null, null, 'can_load_calendar_js')
->addItem('js', 'calendar/calendar-setup.js', null, null, 'can_load_calendar_js')
->addItem('skin_js', 'js/bundle.js');
$this->renderLayout();




Find Browser using Javascript

            // Opera 8.0+
            var isOpera = (!!window.opr && !!opr.addons) || !!window.opera || navigator.userAgent.indexOf(' OPR/') >= 0;
                // Firefox 1.0+
            var isFirefox = typeof InstallTrigger !== 'undefined';
                // At least Safari 3+: "[object HTMLElementConstructor]"
            var isSafari = Object.prototype.toString.call(window.HTMLElement).indexOf('Constructor') > 0;
                // Internet Explorer 6-11
            var isIE = /*@cc_on!@*/false || !!document.documentMode;
                // Edge 20+
            var isEdge = !isIE && !!window.StyleMedia;
                // Chrome 1+
            var isChrome = !!window.chrome && !!window.chrome.webstore;
                // Blink engine detection
            var isBlink = (isChrome || isOpera) && !!window.CSS;
       
         if(isIE)
         {
            setTimeout(function(){
            a = parseInt(jQuery('.masonary div:nth-child(6)').css('left'));
                jQuery('div[id^=masonary]:nth-child(5n),div[id^=masonary]:nth-child(6n),div[id^=masonary]:nth-child(7n)').each(function(){
                    reala = jQuery(this).css('left');
                    calca = parseInt(reala) + (a/2);
                    jQuery(this).css('left',calca);
                });
            }, 1000);
         }
         else
         {
            setTimeout(function(){jQuery('#masonary51').addClass('masonary51');},200);
         }

Magento Request Flow

Overriding Magento blocks, models, helpers and controllers

There is no project that uses framework as is. Every now and then there is a need to change something, to add something new or to override something already written. Due to many reasons it’s a bad habit and bad programming if core files are modified and it’s not recommended at all. Therefore Magento brought in an excellent way how to override/overwrite those files.

We already wrote how to override magento model classes, but there’s a need to modify helpers, blocks and controllers too, both on frontend and in admin.

Overriding Magento Blocks

Let’s start with overriding core tag blocks. Suppose that in Mage_Tag_Block_Product_List class some changes have to be done. What we would like to have here is to add our own file that will extend the original file with all of its methods. All the job that has to be done is to add the code below in the current module’s config.xml:

<config>
 <global>
  <blocks>
   <tag>
    <rewrite>
     <product_list>Inchoo_Tag_Block_Product_List</product_list>
    </rewrite>
   </tag>
  </blocks>
 </global>
</config>

As the class name says, a file has to be created in app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/Block/Product/List.php and a class has to be defined:

class Inchoo_Tag_Block_Product_List extends Mage_Tag_Block_Product_List
{
// some code
}

Equivalent to the example above, the same rule can be applied for the blocks in adminhtml where we want to override Mage_Adminhtml_Block_Tag_Edit class.

<config>
 <global>
  <blocks>
   <adminhtml>
    <rewrite>
     <tag_edit>Inchoo_Tag_Block_Adminhtml_Tag_Edit</tag_edit>
    </rewrite>
   </adminhtml>
  </blocks>
 </global>
</config>

With the code above in config.xml an app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/Block/Adminhtml/Tag/Edit.php file has to be created with the class definition:

class Inchoo_Tag_Block_Adminhtml_Tag_Edit extends Mage_Adminhtml_Block_Tag_Edit
{
// some code
}

Overriding Magento Helpers

Following the same principles magento helpers can be easiliy overriden too. Code for config.xml:

<config>
 <global>
  <helpers>
   <tag>
    <rewrite>
     <data>Inchoo_Tag_Helper_Data</data>
    </rewrite>
   </tag>
  </helpers>
 </global>
</config>

Next we have to create an app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/Helper/Data.php file and to define the class:

class Inchoo_Tag_Helper_Data extends Mage_Tag_Helper_Data
{
// some code
}

Overriding Magento Models

We already wrote about overriding magento models, but what’s with resource and collection files? The same as core model file, resource and collection files can be overriden similary as other files. Files we are going to extend:

Mage_Tag_Model_Tag
Mage_Tag_Model_Resource_Tag
Mage_Tag_Model_Resource_Tag_Collection

Config.xml code:

<config>
 <global>
  <models>
   <tag>
    <rewrite>
     <!-- Model -->
     <tag>Inchoo_Tag_Model_Tag</tag>
    </rewrite>
   </tag>
   <tag_resource>
    <rewrite>
     <!-- Resource -->
     <tag>Inchoo_Tag_Model_Resource_Tag</tag>
     <!-- Collection -->
     <tag_collection>Inchoo_Tag_Model_Resource_Tag_Collection</tag_collection>
    </rewrite>
   </tag_resource>
  </models>
 </global>
</config>

Next we have to create those files:

app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/Model/Tag.php
app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/Model/Resource/Tag.php
app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/Model/Resource/Tag/Collection.php.

Note: This is just an example with all three overrides in one place for easier presentation. In your own projects rewrite only those files (classes) that you need.

Overriding Magento Controllers

Overriding controllers in Magento is a bit different than the rest of the examples above where they don’t quite follow magento rewrite rules as we have seen in the previous examples. How woud it go if we would like to override controllers in Mage_Tag? Let’s take a look at the code that goes into the config.xml:

<config>
 <frontend>
  <routers>
   <tag>
    <args>
     <modules>
      <inchoo_tag before="Mage_Tag">Inchoo_Tag</inchoo_tag>
     </modules>
    </args>
   </tag>
  </routers>
 </frontend>
</config>

In the config node its child has to define whether we are changing the frontend or admin file and we define router node that will override core tag module with its arguments. In the bottom node goes the current module frontend name (inchoo_tag in my example) with the “before” or “after” attribute name with the value of which module is being overriden (Mage_Tag) and our own module name inside the tags (Inchoo_Tag).

If you noticed, there are no strict files defined. With this we have defined only the path that will look for the controller files by their names. So if we would like to override app/code/core/Mage/Tag/controllers/TagController.php a file with the same name will have to be created (app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/controllers/TagController.php).

Class definition inside our new file:

require_once(Mage::getModuleDir('controllers','Mage_Tag').DS.'TagController.php');
 
class Inchoo_Tag_TagController extends Mage_Tag_TagController
{
// some code
}

Similar thing goes for adminhtml controllers. Config.xml code:

<config>
 <admin>
  <routers>
   <adminhtml>
    <args>
     <modules>
      <inchoo_tag before="Mage_Adminhtml">Inchoo_Tag_Adminhtml</inchoo_tag>
     </modules>
    </args>
   </adminhtml>
  </routers>
 </admin>
</config>

Create a file in app/code/local/Inchoo/Tag/controllers/Adminhtml/TagController.php and define the class:

require_once(Mage::getModuleDir('controllers','Mage_Adminhtml').DS.'TagController.php');
 
class Inchoo_Tag_Adminhtml_TagController extends Mage_Adminhtml_TagController
{
// some code
}

Now when we went through some magento rewrites it’s on you to write some astonishing code.
Happy coding!

courtesy : http://inchoo.net/magento/overriding-magento-blocks-models-helpers-and-controllers/